Files
mlx-lm/mlx_lm/models/gemma4_text.py
T

689 lines
24 KiB
Python

# Copyright © 2025 Apple Inc.
from dataclasses import dataclass
from functools import partial
from typing import Any, Dict, List, Optional
import mlx.core as mx
import mlx.nn as nn
from .base import BaseModelArgs, create_attention_mask, scaled_dot_product_attention
from .cache import KVCache, RotatingKVCache, _BaseCache
from .rope_utils import initialize_rope
from .switch_layers import SwitchGLU
@dataclass
class ModelArgs(BaseModelArgs):
model_type: str = "gemma4_text"
hidden_size: int = 1536
num_hidden_layers: int = 35
intermediate_size: int = 6144
num_attention_heads: int = 8
head_dim: int = 256
global_head_dim: int = 512
global_partial_rotary_factor: float = 0.25
rms_norm_eps: float = 1e-6
vocab_size: int = 262144
vocab_size_per_layer_input: int = 262144
num_key_value_heads: int = 1
num_global_key_value_heads: Optional[int] = None
num_kv_shared_layers: int = 20
pad_token_id: int = 0
hidden_size_per_layer_input: int = 256
rope_traditional: bool = False
partial_rotary_factor: float = 1.0
rope_parameters: Optional[Dict] = None
sliding_window: int = 512
sliding_window_pattern: int = 5
max_position_embeddings: int = 131072
attention_k_eq_v: bool = False
final_logit_softcapping: float = 30.0
use_double_wide_mlp: bool = True
enable_moe_block: bool = False
num_experts: Optional[int] = None
top_k_experts: Optional[int] = None
moe_intermediate_size: Optional[int] = None
layer_types: Optional[List[str]] = None
tie_word_embeddings: bool = True
def __post_init__(self):
if self.rope_parameters is None:
self.rope_parameters = {
"full_attention": {
"partial_rotary_factor": 0.25,
"rope_theta": 1000000.0,
"rope_type": "proportional",
},
"sliding_attention": {
"partial_rotary_factor": 1.0,
"rope_theta": 10000.0,
"rope_type": "default",
},
}
if self.layer_types is None:
pattern = ["sliding_attention"] * (self.sliding_window_pattern - 1) + [
"full_attention"
]
self.layer_types = (pattern * (self.num_hidden_layers // len(pattern) + 1))[
: self.num_hidden_layers
]
class RMSNormNoScale(nn.Module):
"""RMSNorm without learnable scale."""
def __init__(self, dim: int, eps: float = 1e-6):
super().__init__()
self.eps = eps
def __call__(self, x: mx.array) -> mx.array:
return mx.fast.rms_norm(x, None, self.eps)
@partial(mx.compile, shapeless=True)
def logit_softcap(softcap, x):
return mx.tanh(x / softcap) * softcap
@partial(mx.compile, shapeless=True)
def _complete_square(x2, y2, xy):
return x2 + mx.expand_dims(y2, -1) - 2 * xy
@partial(mx.compile, shapeless=True)
def geglu(gate, x):
return nn.gelu_approx(gate) * x
class MLP(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, config: ModelArgs, layer_idx: int = 0):
super().__init__()
first_kv_shared_layer_idx = (
config.num_hidden_layers - config.num_kv_shared_layers
)
is_kv_shared_layer = layer_idx >= first_kv_shared_layer_idx > 0
use_double_wide = config.use_double_wide_mlp and is_kv_shared_layer
intermediate_size = config.intermediate_size * (2 if use_double_wide else 1)
self.gate_proj = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, intermediate_size, bias=False)
self.down_proj = nn.Linear(intermediate_size, config.hidden_size, bias=False)
self.up_proj = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, intermediate_size, bias=False)
def __call__(self, x: mx.array) -> mx.array:
return self.down_proj(geglu(self.gate_proj(x), self.up_proj(x)))
class Router(nn.Module):
"""Expert router: norm -> scale -> project -> top-k -> renormalize."""
def __init__(self, config: ModelArgs):
super().__init__()
self.config = config
self.eps = config.rms_norm_eps
self.proj = nn.Linear(config.hidden_size, config.num_experts, bias=False)
self.scale = mx.ones((config.hidden_size,))
self.per_expert_scale = mx.ones((config.num_experts,))
self._root_size = config.hidden_size**-0.5
def __call__(self, x: mx.array):
x = mx.fast.rms_norm(x, self.scale * self._root_size, self.eps)
expert_scores = self.proj(x)
top_k_indices = mx.argpartition(
expert_scores, kth=-self.config.top_k_experts, axis=-1
)
top_k_indices = top_k_indices[..., -self.config.top_k_experts :]
top_k_weights = mx.take_along_axis(expert_scores, top_k_indices, axis=-1)
top_k_weights = mx.softmax(top_k_weights, axis=-1)
top_k_weights = top_k_weights * self.per_expert_scale[top_k_indices]
return top_k_indices, top_k_weights
class GeGLU(nn.Module):
"""GELU-gated linear unit activation for SwitchGLU."""
def __call__(self, x, gate):
return geglu(gate, x)
class Experts(nn.Module):
"""Sparse MoE using SwitchGLU with gather_mm."""
def __init__(self, config: ModelArgs):
super().__init__()
self.switch_glu = SwitchGLU(
input_dims=config.hidden_size,
hidden_dims=config.moe_intermediate_size,
num_experts=config.num_experts,
activation=GeGLU(),
bias=False,
)
def __call__(
self, x: mx.array, top_k_indices: mx.array, top_k_weights: mx.array
) -> mx.array:
w = mx.expand_dims(top_k_weights, -1)
y = self.switch_glu(x, top_k_indices)
return (w * y).sum(-2)
class Attention(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, config: ModelArgs, layer_idx: int):
super().__init__()
self.config = config
self.layer_idx = layer_idx
self.layer_type = config.layer_types[layer_idx]
self.is_sliding = self.layer_type == "sliding_attention"
self.has_kv = layer_idx < config.num_hidden_layers - config.num_kv_shared_layers
self.head_dim = (
config.global_head_dim
if self.layer_type == "full_attention"
and hasattr(config, "global_head_dim")
and config.global_head_dim
else config.head_dim
)
dim = config.hidden_size
self.n_heads = config.num_attention_heads
# K-eq-V for full attention layers (26B/31B models)
self.use_k_eq_v = config.attention_k_eq_v and not self.is_sliding
if self.use_k_eq_v and config.num_global_key_value_heads is not None:
self.n_kv_heads = config.num_global_key_value_heads
else:
self.n_kv_heads = config.num_key_value_heads
self.scale = 1.0
self.q_proj = nn.Linear(dim, self.n_heads * self.head_dim, bias=False)
if self.has_kv:
self.k_proj = nn.Linear(dim, self.n_kv_heads * self.head_dim, bias=False)
if not self.use_k_eq_v:
self.v_proj = nn.Linear(
dim, self.n_kv_heads * self.head_dim, bias=False
)
self.o_proj = nn.Linear(self.n_heads * self.head_dim, dim, bias=False)
self.q_norm = nn.RMSNorm(self.head_dim, eps=config.rms_norm_eps)
if self.has_kv:
self.k_norm = nn.RMSNorm(self.head_dim, eps=config.rms_norm_eps)
self.v_norm = RMSNormNoScale(self.head_dim, eps=config.rms_norm_eps)
# RoPE (with partial rotation support)
layer_key = "sliding_attention" if self.is_sliding else "full_attention"
rope_params = config.rope_parameters.get(layer_key, {})
rope_theta = rope_params.get("rope_theta", 10000.0)
self.rope = initialize_rope(
dims=self.head_dim,
traditional=config.rope_traditional,
base=rope_theta,
scaling_config=rope_params,
max_position_embeddings=config.max_position_embeddings,
)
def __call__(
self,
x: mx.array,
mask: Optional[mx.array] = None,
cache: Optional[Any] = None,
shared_kv: Optional[tuple] = None,
offset: Optional[Any] = None,
) -> mx.array:
B, L, _ = x.shape
queries = self.q_proj(x).reshape(B, L, self.n_heads, self.head_dim)
queries = self.q_norm(queries)
if shared_kv is not None:
keys, values = shared_kv
elif not self.has_kv:
raise ValueError(
f"Layer {self.layer_idx} is a KV-shared layer but received no shared_kv"
)
else:
keys = self.k_proj(x).reshape(B, L, self.n_kv_heads, self.head_dim)
values = keys
if not self.use_k_eq_v:
values = self.v_proj(x).reshape(B, L, self.n_kv_heads, self.head_dim)
offset = mx.array(cache.offset) if cache is not None else 0
keys = self.k_norm(keys)
keys = keys.transpose(0, 2, 1, 3)
keys = self.rope(keys, offset=offset)
values = self.v_norm(values)
values = values.transpose(0, 2, 1, 3)
queries = queries.transpose(0, 2, 1, 3)
queries = self.rope(queries, offset=offset)
if cache is not None:
keys, values = cache.update_and_fetch(keys, values)
output = scaled_dot_product_attention(
queries, keys, values, cache=cache, scale=self.scale, mask=mask
)
output = output.transpose(0, 2, 1, 3).reshape(B, L, -1)
return self.o_proj(output), (keys, values), offset
class DecoderLayer(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, config: ModelArgs, layer_idx: int):
super().__init__()
self.config = config
self.layer_idx = layer_idx
self.layer_type = config.layer_types[layer_idx]
self.self_attn = Attention(config, layer_idx)
self.mlp = MLP(config, layer_idx)
self.input_layernorm = nn.RMSNorm(config.hidden_size, eps=config.rms_norm_eps)
self.post_attention_layernorm = nn.RMSNorm(
config.hidden_size, eps=config.rms_norm_eps
)
self.pre_feedforward_layernorm = nn.RMSNorm(
config.hidden_size, eps=config.rms_norm_eps
)
self.post_feedforward_layernorm = nn.RMSNorm(
config.hidden_size, eps=config.rms_norm_eps
)
# MoE (26B model)
self.enable_moe = config.enable_moe_block
if self.enable_moe:
self.router = Router(config)
self.experts = Experts(config)
self.post_feedforward_layernorm_1 = nn.RMSNorm(
config.hidden_size, eps=config.rms_norm_eps
)
self.post_feedforward_layernorm_2 = nn.RMSNorm(
config.hidden_size, eps=config.rms_norm_eps
)
self.pre_feedforward_layernorm_2 = nn.RMSNorm(
config.hidden_size, eps=config.rms_norm_eps
)
# Per-layer input gating (2B/4B models)
self.hidden_size_per_layer_input = config.hidden_size_per_layer_input
if self.hidden_size_per_layer_input:
self.per_layer_input_gate = nn.Linear(
config.hidden_size, self.hidden_size_per_layer_input, bias=False
)
self.per_layer_projection = nn.Linear(
self.hidden_size_per_layer_input, config.hidden_size, bias=False
)
self.post_per_layer_input_norm = nn.RMSNorm(
config.hidden_size, eps=config.rms_norm_eps
)
else:
self.per_layer_input_gate = None
self.per_layer_projection = None
self.post_per_layer_input_norm = None
# Layer scalar
self.layer_scalar = mx.ones((1,))
def __call__(
self,
x: mx.array,
mask: Optional[mx.array] = None,
cache: Optional[Any] = None,
per_layer_input: Optional[mx.array] = None,
shared_kv: Optional[tuple] = None,
offset: Optional[Any] = None,
) -> mx.array:
residual = x
h = self.input_layernorm(x)
h, shared_kv, offset = self.self_attn(
h, mask, cache, shared_kv=shared_kv, offset=offset
)
h = self.post_attention_layernorm(h)
h = residual + h
residual = h
if self.enable_moe:
h1 = self.pre_feedforward_layernorm(h)
h1 = self.mlp(h1)
h1 = self.post_feedforward_layernorm_1(h1)
top_k_indices, top_k_weights = self.router(h)
h2 = self.pre_feedforward_layernorm_2(h)
h2 = self.experts(h2, top_k_indices, top_k_weights)
h2 = self.post_feedforward_layernorm_2(h2)
h = h1 + h2
else:
h = self.pre_feedforward_layernorm(h)
h = self.mlp(h)
h = self.post_feedforward_layernorm(h)
h = residual + h
# Per-layer input gating
if (
self.per_layer_input_gate is not None
and self.per_layer_projection is not None
and self.post_per_layer_input_norm is not None
and per_layer_input is not None
):
residual = h
gate = self.per_layer_input_gate(h)
gate = nn.gelu_approx(gate)
gate = mx.multiply(gate, per_layer_input)
gate = self.per_layer_projection(gate)
gate = self.post_per_layer_input_norm(gate)
h = residual + gate
if self.layer_scalar is not None:
h = h * self.layer_scalar
return h, shared_kv, offset
class Gemma4TextModel(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, config: ModelArgs):
super().__init__()
self.config = config
self.vocab_size = config.vocab_size
self.window_size = config.sliding_window
self.sliding_window_pattern = config.sliding_window_pattern
self.num_hidden_layers = config.num_hidden_layers
self.embed_tokens = nn.Embedding(config.vocab_size, config.hidden_size)
self.embed_scale = config.hidden_size**0.5
self.layers = [
DecoderLayer(config, layer_idx=i) for i in range(config.num_hidden_layers)
]
self.norm = nn.RMSNorm(config.hidden_size, eps=config.rms_norm_eps)
# Per-layer input embeddings (2B/4B models)
self.hidden_size_per_layer_input = config.hidden_size_per_layer_input
if self.hidden_size_per_layer_input:
self.embed_tokens_per_layer = nn.Embedding(
config.vocab_size_per_layer_input,
config.num_hidden_layers * config.hidden_size_per_layer_input,
)
self.embed_tokens_per_layer_scale = config.hidden_size_per_layer_input**0.5
self.per_layer_input_scale = 2.0**-0.5
self.per_layer_projection_scale = config.hidden_size**-0.5
self.per_layer_model_projection = nn.Linear(
config.hidden_size,
config.num_hidden_layers * config.hidden_size_per_layer_input,
bias=False,
)
self.per_layer_projection_norm = nn.RMSNorm(
config.hidden_size_per_layer_input, eps=config.rms_norm_eps
)
else:
self.embed_tokens_per_layer = None
self.per_layer_input_scale = None
self.per_layer_projection_scale = None
self.per_layer_model_projection = None
self.per_layer_projection_norm = None
# Arrange for shared KVs
self.previous_kvs = list(range(len(self.layers)))
if config.num_kv_shared_layers > 0:
N = len(self.layers)
M = N - config.num_kv_shared_layers
kvs_by_type = {}
for i in range(M):
kvs_by_type[self.layers[i].layer_type] = i
for j in range(M, N):
self.previous_kvs[j] = kvs_by_type[self.layers[j].layer_type]
def _get_per_layer_inputs(
self,
input_ids: Optional[mx.array],
input_embeddings: Optional[mx.array] = None,
) -> mx.array:
if input_ids is None:
if input_embeddings is None:
raise RuntimeError(
"input_embeddings must be provided when input_ids are omitted."
)
# Split the sequence dimension if this still holds too much
# memory. 260k vocab means the distance tensor would be ~1GB
# per 2k tokens in bf16.
#
# If the embedding is quantized we have to dequantize it anyway to
# perform the match test.
norms_embedding = self.embed_tokens.weight.square().sum(-1)
norms_input = input_embeddings.square().sum(-1)
distance = _complete_square(
norms_embedding,
norms_input,
self.embed_tokens.as_linear(input_embeddings),
)
# Checks can be added if needed but they necessarily break the GPU
# pipelining and force an eval.
#
# match_counts = (distance < eps).sum(-1)
#
input_ids = mx.argmin(distance, -1)
result = self.embed_tokens_per_layer(input_ids)
result = result * self.embed_tokens_per_layer_scale
return mx.unflatten(
result,
-1,
(self.config.num_hidden_layers, self.hidden_size_per_layer_input),
)
def _project_per_layer_inputs(
self,
input_embeddings: mx.array,
per_layer_inputs: Optional[mx.array] = None,
) -> mx.array:
per_layer_projection = self.per_layer_model_projection(input_embeddings)
per_layer_projection = per_layer_projection * self.per_layer_projection_scale
per_layer_projection = mx.unflatten(
per_layer_projection,
-1,
(self.config.num_hidden_layers, self.hidden_size_per_layer_input),
)
per_layer_projection = self.per_layer_projection_norm(per_layer_projection)
if per_layer_inputs is None:
return per_layer_projection
return (per_layer_projection + per_layer_inputs) * self.per_layer_input_scale
def _make_masks(self, h, cache):
mask = {}
masks = []
for l, c in zip(self.layers, cache):
if l.layer_type not in mask:
if l.layer_type == "full_attention":
mask["full_attention"] = create_attention_mask(h, c)
elif l.layer_type == "sliding_attention":
mask["sliding_attention"] = create_attention_mask(
h, c, window_size=self.window_size
)
masks.append(mask[l.layer_type])
return masks
def __call__(
self,
inputs: mx.array = None,
cache=None,
input_embeddings: Optional[mx.array] = None,
per_layer_inputs: Optional[mx.array] = None,
):
# Make the initial hidden state
if input_embeddings is None:
input_embeddings = self.embed_tokens(inputs)
h = input_embeddings
h = h * self.embed_scale
# Get the extra inputs per layer if we have per layer embeddings
if self.hidden_size_per_layer_input:
if per_layer_inputs is None:
per_layer_inputs = self._get_per_layer_inputs(inputs, input_embeddings)
per_layer_inputs = self._project_per_layer_inputs(h, per_layer_inputs)
if per_layer_inputs is not None:
per_layer_inputs = [
per_layer_inputs[:, :, i, :] for i, _ in enumerate(self.layers)
]
else:
per_layer_inputs = [None] * len(self.layers)
# Make the kv cache list, be sure to append None for all the shared kv
# layers
if cache is None:
cache = [None] * len(self.layers)
else:
cache = cache + [None] * (len(self.layers) - len(cache))
# Apply each layer. We save all intermediate kvs and offset and grab
# the previous one for the shared kv layers.
masks = self._make_masks(h, cache)
intermediates = [(None, None)] * len(self.layers)
for idx, (layer, c, mask, prev_idx, per_layer_input) in enumerate(
zip(
self.layers,
cache,
masks,
self.previous_kvs,
per_layer_inputs,
)
):
kvs, offset = intermediates[prev_idx]
h, kvs, offset = layer(
h,
mask,
c,
per_layer_input=per_layer_input,
shared_kv=kvs,
offset=offset,
)
intermediates[idx] = (kvs, offset)
return self.norm(h)
class Model(nn.Module):
def __init__(self, args: ModelArgs):
super().__init__()
self.args = args
self.model_type = args.model_type
self.model = Gemma4TextModel(args)
self.final_logit_softcapping = args.final_logit_softcapping
self.tie_word_embeddings = args.tie_word_embeddings
if not self.tie_word_embeddings:
self.lm_head = nn.Linear(args.hidden_size, args.vocab_size, bias=False)
def __call__(
self,
inputs: mx.array,
cache=None,
input_embeddings: Optional[mx.array] = None,
per_layer_inputs: Optional[mx.array] = None,
):
out = self.model(
inputs,
cache=cache,
input_embeddings=input_embeddings,
per_layer_inputs=per_layer_inputs,
)
if self.tie_word_embeddings:
out = self.model.embed_tokens.as_linear(out)
else:
out = self.lm_head(out)
if self.final_logit_softcapping is not None:
out = logit_softcap(self.final_logit_softcapping, out)
return out
def sanitize(self, weights):
sanitized = {}
first_kv_shared = self.args.num_hidden_layers - self.args.num_kv_shared_layers
for k, v in weights.items():
if any(
s in k
for s in (
"self_attn.rotary_emb",
"input_max",
"input_min",
"output_max",
"output_min",
)
):
continue
# KV-shared layers reuse K/V from earlier layers — drop their projections
if any(
s in k
for s in (".self_attn.k_proj", ".self_attn.v_proj", ".self_attn.k_norm")
):
try:
layer_idx = int(k.split("layers.")[1].split(".")[0])
if layer_idx >= first_kv_shared:
continue
except (IndexError, ValueError):
pass
if k.endswith(".experts.gate_up_proj"):
base = k.removesuffix(".gate_up_proj")
gate, up = map(mx.contiguous, mx.split(v, 2, axis=-2))
sanitized[f"{base}.switch_glu.gate_proj.weight"] = gate
sanitized[f"{base}.switch_glu.up_proj.weight"] = up
continue
if k.endswith(".experts.down_proj"):
base = k.removesuffix(".down_proj")
sanitized[f"{base}.switch_glu.down_proj.weight"] = v
continue
sanitized[k] = v
return sanitized
@property
def quant_predicate(self):
def predicate(path, _):
if path.endswith("router.proj"):
return {"group_size": 64, "bits": 8}
return True
return predicate
@property
def layers(self):
return self.model.layers
@property
def head_dim(self):
return self.args.head_dim
@property
def n_kv_heads(self):
return self.args.num_key_value_heads
def make_cache(self):
first_kv_shared = self.args.num_hidden_layers - self.args.num_kv_shared_layers
caches = []
for i in range(first_kv_shared):
if self.args.layer_types[i] == "full_attention":
caches.append(KVCache())
else:
caches.append(
RotatingKVCache(
max_size=self.args.sliding_window,
keep=0,
)
)
return caches