diff --git a/backup/backup_form.html b/backup/backup_form.html
index fd484368dc4..47357f2860f 100644
--- a/backup/backup_form.html
+++ b/backup/backup_form.html
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@
     $backup_user_files = optional_param('backup_user_files',1);
     $backup_course_files = optional_param('backup_course_files',1);
     $backup_site_files = optional_param('backup_site_files',1);
-    $backup_gradebook_history =  optional_param('backup_gradebook_history', 1, PARAM_INT);
+    $backup_gradebook_history =  optional_param('backup_gradebook_history', 0, PARAM_INT);
     $backup_messages = optional_param('backup_messages',1);
 
     if ($count == 0) {
diff --git a/backup/restore_form.html b/backup/restore_form.html
index 44ed7bf3d0a..e5d85e83e9e 100644
--- a/backup/restore_form.html
+++ b/backup/restore_form.html
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
       error( 'course_header object missing from session' );
     }
 
-    $restore_gradebook_history =  optional_param('restore_gradebook_history', 1, PARAM_INT);
+    $restore_gradebook_history =  optional_param('restore_gradebook_history', 0, PARAM_INT);
 
     //Check that we have all we need
     //backup_unique_code
diff --git a/backup/restorelib.php b/backup/restorelib.php
index 45d0f70106f..7b69462faa8 100644
--- a/backup/restorelib.php
+++ b/backup/restorelib.php
@@ -1549,7 +1549,7 @@
                                 $dbrec->categoryid = $coursecat->id;
                             } else if (!empty($info['GRADE_ITEM']['#']['CATEGORYID']['0']['#']) && $info['GRADE_ITEM']['#']['CATEGORYID']['0']['#']!='$@NULL@$') {
                                 $category = backup_getid($restore->backup_unique_code,'grade_categories',backup_todb($info['GRADE_ITEM']['#']['CATEGORYID']['0']['#']));
-                                if ($category->new_id) {
+                                if (!empty($category->new_id)) {
                                     $dbrec->categoryid = $category->new_id;
                                 } else { 
                                     // this could be restoring into existing course, and grade item points to the old course grade item (category)