diff --git a/public/backup/moodle2/restore_root_task.class.php b/public/backup/moodle2/restore_root_task.class.php
index b3c31cf246b..132a710ae86 100644
--- a/public/backup/moodle2/restore_root_task.class.php
+++ b/public/backup/moodle2/restore_root_task.class.php
@@ -78,6 +78,9 @@ class restore_root_task extends restore_task {
         // Unconditionally, load create all the needed outcomes
         $this->add_step(new restore_outcomes_structure_step('create_scales', 'outcomes.xml'));
 
+        // If we haven't preloaded information, load all the question banks to temp_ids_table.
+        $this->add_step(new \core\backup\restore_load_questionbanks('load_questionbanks'));
+
         // If we haven't preloaded information, load all the needed categories and questions (reduced) to temp_ids_table
         $this->add_step(new restore_load_categories_and_questions('load_categories_and_questions'));
 
diff --git a/public/backup/moodle2/restore_stepslib.php b/public/backup/moodle2/restore_stepslib.php
index 86994a1576e..b9f7fe2b031 100644
--- a/public/backup/moodle2/restore_stepslib.php
+++ b/public/backup/moodle2/restore_stepslib.php
@@ -6510,6 +6510,12 @@ trait restore_question_set_reference_data_trait {
         $data->usingcontextid = $this->get_mappingid('context', $data->usingcontextid);
         $data->itemid = $this->get_new_parentid('quiz_question_instance');
 
+        $originalbankinbackup = (bool) restore_dbops::get_backup_ids_record(
+            $this->get_restoreid(),
+            'questionbank',
+            $data->questionscontextid,
+        );
+
         if ($context = $this->get_mappingid('context', $data->questionscontextid)) {
             $data->questionscontextid = $context;
         } else {
@@ -6538,7 +6544,7 @@ trait restore_question_set_reference_data_trait {
             $qbankfeature = new $qbankfeatureclass();
             $filters = $qbankfeature->get_question_filters();
             foreach ($filters as $filter) {
-                $filtercondition = $filter->restore_filtercondition($filtercondition, $data, $this);
+                $filtercondition = $filter->restore_filtercondition($filtercondition, $data, $this, $originalbankinbackup);
             }
         }
 
diff --git a/public/lib/classes/backup/restore_load_questionbanks.php b/public/lib/classes/backup/restore_load_questionbanks.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..fc069e6d96a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/public/lib/classes/backup/restore_load_questionbanks.php
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+<?php
+// This file is part of Moodle - http://moodle.org/
+//
+// Moodle is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+// the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
+// (at your option) any later version.
+//
+// Moodle is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+// but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+// MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+// GNU General Public License for more details.
+//
+// You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+// along with Moodle.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
+
+namespace core\backup;
+
+defined('MOODLE_INTERNAL') || die();
+require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/backup/util/plan/restore_execution_step.class.php');
+
+/**
+ * Load question bank context IDs.
+ *
+ * Execution step that, *conditionally* (if there isn't preloaded information)
+ * will load the context IDs of activities in the backup containing questions
+ * to backup_temp_ids. They will be stored with "questionbank" itemname and their
+ * original context ID as itemid.
+ *
+ * @package   core
+ * @copyright 2026 onwards Catalyst IT EU {@link https://catalyst-eu.net}
+ * @author    Mark Johnson <mark.johnson@catalyst-eu.net>
+ * @license   http://www.gnu.org/copyleft/gpl.html GNU GPL v3 or later
+ */
+class restore_load_questionbanks extends \restore_execution_step {
+    /**
+     * If restore data has not already been loaded in this request, load the question bank context IDs.
+     */
+    protected function define_execution(): void {
+        global $CFG;
+        require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/backup/util/dbops/restore_dbops.class.php');
+        if ($this->task->get_preloaded_information()) { // If info is already preloaded, nothing to do.
+            return;
+        }
+        $path = $this->get_basepath() . '/activities';
+        \restore_dbops::load_questionbanks_to_tempids($this->get_restoreid(), $path);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/public/mod/qbank/tests/backup/restore_test.php b/public/mod/qbank/tests/backup/restore_test.php
index 74bf01213b7..7e75d736538 100644
--- a/public/mod/qbank/tests/backup/restore_test.php
+++ b/public/mod/qbank/tests/backup/restore_test.php
@@ -17,6 +17,11 @@
 namespace mod_qbank\backup;
 
 use core\context\module;
+use core_question\local\bank\condition;
+use mod_quiz\external\add_random_questions;
+use mod_quiz\question\bank\filter\custom_category_condition;
+use mod_quiz\quiz_settings;
+use mod_quiz\structure;
 
 /**
  * Tests to cover restoring or import a question bank and its questions multiple times to the same course.
@@ -233,4 +238,97 @@ final class restore_test extends \advanced_testcase {
             $this->assertCount(2, array_filter($qbankquestions, fn($question) => $question->parent == $qbankmaq->id));
         }
     }
+
+    public function test_update_set_reference_on_restore(): void {
+        global $DB, $CFG, $USER;
+        require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/backup/util/includes/backup_includes.php');
+        require_once($CFG->dirroot . '/backup/util/includes/restore_includes.php');
+
+        $this->resetAfterTest();
+        $this->setAdminUser();
+
+        $questiongenerator = $this->getDataGenerator()->get_plugin_generator('core_question');
+        [, $course, $qcat, , $qbank] = $questiongenerator->setup_course_and_questions();
+        $qbankcontext = module::instance($qbank->cmid);
+        $filtercondition = [
+            'cat' => "{$qcat->id},{$qbankcontext->id}",
+            'sortdata' => [],
+            'filter' => [
+                'category' => [
+                    'jointype' => condition::JOINTYPE_DEFAULT,
+                    'values' => [$qcat->id],
+                    'filteroptions' => ['includesubcategories' => false],
+                ],
+            ],
+        ];
+        $quizgenerator = $this->getDataGenerator()->get_plugin_generator('mod_quiz');
+        $quiz = $quizgenerator->create_instance(['course' => $course->id]);
+        $settings = quiz_settings::create_for_cmid($quiz->cmid);
+        $structure = structure::create_for_quiz($settings);
+        $structure->add_random_questions(1, 1, $filtercondition);
+
+        $setreference = $DB->get_record(
+            'question_set_references',
+            [
+                'component' => 'mod_quiz',
+                'questionarea' => 'slot',
+                'usingcontextid' => $settings->get_context()->id,
+                'questionscontextid' => $qbankcontext->id,
+            ],
+        );
+        $this->assertNotFalse($setreference);
+
+        // Backup qbank.
+        $bc = new \backup_controller(
+            \backup::TYPE_1COURSE,
+            $course->id,
+            \backup::FORMAT_MOODLE,
+            \backup::INTERACTIVE_NO,
+            \backup::MODE_IMPORT,
+            $USER->id,
+        );
+        $backupid = $bc->get_backupid();
+        $bc->execute_plan();
+        $bc->destroy();
+
+        $course2 = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_course();
+        // Restore the backup into another course twice.
+        $rc = new \restore_controller(
+            $backupid,
+            $course2->id,
+            \backup::INTERACTIVE_NO,
+            \backup::MODE_IMPORT,
+            $USER->id,
+            \backup::TARGET_CURRENT_ADDING,
+        );
+        $rc->execute_precheck(droptemptablesafter: true); // Dropping temp tables simulates an asynchronous restore.
+        $rc->execute_plan();
+        $rc->destroy();
+
+        $modinfo = get_fast_modinfo($course2->id);
+        $newquizzes = $modinfo->get_instances_of('quiz');
+        $newquiz = reset($newquizzes);
+        $newqbanks = $modinfo->get_instances_of('qbank');
+        $newqbank = reset($newqbanks);
+        $newqcat = $DB->get_record('question_categories', ['contextid' => $newqbank->context->id, 'stamp' => $qcat->stamp]);
+
+        $newsetreference = $DB->get_record(
+            'question_set_references',
+            [
+                'component' => 'mod_quiz',
+                'questionarea' => 'slot',
+                'usingcontextid' => $newquiz->context->id,
+                'questionscontextid' => $newqbank->context->id,
+            ],
+        );
+        $this->assertNotFalse($newsetreference);
+        $newfiltercondition = json_decode($newsetreference->filtercondition, true);
+        $this->assertEquals($newfiltercondition['cat'], "{$newqcat->id},{$newqbank->context->id}");
+        $this->assertEquals($newfiltercondition['filter']['category']['values'][0], $newqcat->id);
+
+        $newsettings = quiz_settings::create_for_cmid($newquiz->id);
+        $newstructure = structure::create_for_quiz($newsettings);
+        $randomslot = $newstructure->get_slot_by_number(1);
+        $this->assertEquals($randomslot->id, $newsetreference->itemid);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/public/question/bank/managecategories/classes/category_condition.php b/public/question/bank/managecategories/classes/category_condition.php
index aa28e7dc2a9..48ff11d3ffc 100644
--- a/public/question/bank/managecategories/classes/category_condition.php
+++ b/public/question/bank/managecategories/classes/category_condition.php
@@ -311,6 +311,7 @@ class category_condition extends condition {
         array $filtercondition,
         stdClass $setreference,
         restore_questions_activity_structure_step $restorestep,
+        bool $originalbankinbackup = false,
     ): array {
         global $DB;
         // Map category id used for category filter condition and corresponding context id.
@@ -325,13 +326,12 @@ class category_condition extends condition {
             !$restorestep->get_task()->is_samesite()
             || !$questionscontext
             || !$DB->record_exists('question_categories', ['id' => $oldcategoryid])
+            || $originalbankinbackup
             || $setreference->usingcontextid == $setreference->questionscontextid
             || !has_capability('moodle/question:useall', $questionscontext)
         ) {
             $newcategoryid = $restorestep->get_mappingid('question_category', $oldcategoryid);
             $filtercondition['filter']['category']['values'][0] = $newcategoryid;
-            // Make sure the questions context matches the new category.
-            $setreference->questionscontextid = $DB->get_field('question_categories', 'contextid', ['id' => $newcategoryid]);
         }
 
         $filtercondition['cat'] = implode(
diff --git a/public/question/bank/managecategories/tests/category_condition_test.php b/public/question/bank/managecategories/tests/category_condition_test.php
index 7e13c0c9526..60a7b682b25 100644
--- a/public/question/bank/managecategories/tests/category_condition_test.php
+++ b/public/question/bank/managecategories/tests/category_condition_test.php
@@ -249,31 +249,26 @@ final class category_condition_test extends \advanced_testcase {
     }
 
     /**
-     * When the category is updated in the filter condition, the context ID is also updated.
+     * As {@see test_restore_filtercondition}, but the original question bank was present in the backup.
      */
-    public function test_restore_filtercondition_update_context(): void {
+    public function test_restore_filtercondition_questionbankinbackup(): void {
         $this->resetAfterTest();
         $questiongenerator = $this->getDataGenerator()->get_plugin_generator('core_question');
         $category = $questiongenerator->create_question_category();
-        $fakecategory = $category->id + 1;
-        $fakecontext = $category->contextid + 1;
         $filtercondition = [
             'filter' => [
                 'category' => [
                     'values' => [
-                        $fakecategory,
+                        $category->id,
                     ],
                 ],
             ],
-            'cat' => [
-                "{$fakecategory},{$fakecontext}",
-            ],
         ];
         $setreference = (object) [
-            'questionscontextid' => $fakecontext,
-            'usingcontextid' => $category->contextid,
+            'questionscontextid' => $category->contextid,
+            'usingcontextid' => $category->contextid + 1,
         ];
-        $mappedid = $category->id;
+        $mappedid = $category->id + 1;
         $mockstep = $this->get_mock_step($this->get_samesite_task());
         $mockstep->method('get_mappingid')->willReturn($mappedid);
 
@@ -281,10 +276,8 @@ final class category_condition_test extends \advanced_testcase {
 
         $condition = new category_condition();
 
-        $filtercondition = $condition->restore_filtercondition($filtercondition, $setreference, $mockstep);
+        $filtercondition = $condition->restore_filtercondition($filtercondition, $setreference, $mockstep, true);
 
         $this->assertEquals($mappedid, $filtercondition['filter']['category']['values'][0]);
-        $this->assertEquals($category->contextid, $setreference->questionscontextid);
-        $this->assertEquals($filtercondition['cat'], "{$mappedid},{$category->contextid}");
     }
 }
diff --git a/public/question/bank/tagquestion/classes/tag_condition.php b/public/question/bank/tagquestion/classes/tag_condition.php
index 02c6a3f3c9c..b6360fce405 100644
--- a/public/question/bank/tagquestion/classes/tag_condition.php
+++ b/public/question/bank/tagquestion/classes/tag_condition.php
@@ -167,6 +167,7 @@ class tag_condition extends condition {
         array $filtercondition,
         stdClass $setreference,
         restore_questions_activity_structure_step $restorestep,
+        bool $originalbankinbackup = false,
     ): array {
         if (isset($filtercondition['filter']['qtagids'])) {
             $newtagids = [];
diff --git a/public/question/bank/tagquestion/tests/tag_condition_test.php b/public/question/bank/tagquestion/tests/tag_condition_test.php
index 41f49e59e1a..7ce8d7e8bb3 100644
--- a/public/question/bank/tagquestion/tests/tag_condition_test.php
+++ b/public/question/bank/tagquestion/tests/tag_condition_test.php
@@ -521,4 +521,37 @@ final class tag_condition_test extends \advanced_testcase {
 
         $this->assertArrayNotHasKey('qtagids', $filtercondition['filter']);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Restoring the filter when the original question bank was in the backup doesn't change the behaviour.
+     */
+    public function test_restore_filtercondition_originalbankinbackup(): void {
+        $this->resetAfterTest();
+        $questiongenerator = $this->getDataGenerator()->get_plugin_generator('core_question');
+        $category = $questiongenerator->create_question_category();
+        $tag1 = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_tag();
+        $tag2 = $this->getDataGenerator()->create_tag();
+        $filtercondition = [
+            'filter' => [
+                'qtagids' => [
+                    'values' => [
+                        $tag1->id,
+                        $tag2->id,
+                    ],
+                ],
+            ],
+        ];
+        $setreference = (object) [
+            'questionscontextid' => $category->contextid,
+            'usingcontextid' => $category->contextid,
+        ];
+        $mockstep = $this->get_mock_step($this->get_samesite_task());
+        $mockstep->method('get_mappingid')->willReturn($tag2->id + 1);
+
+        $condition = new tag_condition();
+
+        $filtercondition = $condition->restore_filtercondition($filtercondition, $setreference, $mockstep, true);
+
+        $this->assertEquals([$tag1->id, $tag2->id], $filtercondition['filter']['qtagids']['values']);
+    }
 }
diff --git a/public/question/classes/local/bank/condition.php b/public/question/classes/local/bank/condition.php
index 8897881d7bc..92c6dcc2293 100644
--- a/public/question/classes/local/bank/condition.php
+++ b/public/question/classes/local/bank/condition.php
@@ -249,12 +249,14 @@ abstract class condition {
      * @param array $filtercondition The origin $filtercondition with preceding conversions applied.
      * @param stdClass $setreference The set reference record from the backup.
      * @param restore_questions_activity_structure_step $restorestep The restore step.
+     * @param bool $originalbankinbackup Was the original question bank these questions belonged to included in the backup?
      * @return array the modified $filtercondition
      */
     public function restore_filtercondition(
         array $filtercondition,
         stdClass $setreference,
         restore_questions_activity_structure_step $restorestep,
+        bool $originalbankinbackup = false,
     ): array {
         return $filtercondition;
     }